XSEDE cyberinfrastructure — $4.7B-$22.7B value on $257.5M; 18:1 to 88:1

The Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment cyberinfrastructure program generated $4.7 billion to $22.7 billion in total value on a $257.5 million investment — a 18:1 to 88:1 return (S-0107).

The wide range reflects different valuation methodologies; the lower bound is conservative, the upper bound is comprehensive. Even the conservative 18:1 sits well above the documented ROI cluster's middle, and the upper-bound 88:1 approaches the PDB outlier.

XSEDE is the strongest U.S. anchor for the ROI argument. It directly funded the kind of research-computing infrastructure that supports the AI workloads C-0008 / §10 develops, and the documented return demonstrates the case for similar investment in the data-preservation layer.