Stern, Casadevall, Steen & Fang 2014 — Financial costs of NIH retractions

Stern, A.M., Casadevall, A., Steen, R.G. & Fang, F.C. "Financial costs and personal consequences of research misconduct resulting in retracted publications." eLife 3:e02956, 2014.

Key facts: Mean attributable cost per retracted NIH-funded paper ~$392,582; peer-reviewed median $239,381; aggregate ~$46.9M unadjusted NIH funding across retracted papers 1992-2012.

Use: E-0036, C-0022, C-0005, M-0003 (Term A anchor).

Original whitepaper reference: [50]