EDUCAUSE Core Data Service — median IT spend ~$10.6M; staffing 8% turnover

Median U.S. higher-education central IT spending: ~$10.6M/year. Compensation accounts for ~half ($5.2M), nearly entirely fixed. Staff turnover ~8%/year. During budget reductions: 49% hiring freezes, 31% layoffs, 32% retirement/layoff incentives.

Use: §7.1 cost baseline.

Original whitepaper reference: [85]