China Science and Technology Cloud — CAS operates 11 of 20 national scientific data centers

The Chinese Academy of Sciences' Computer Network Information Center operates CSTCloud (China Science and Technology Cloud), and CAS manages 11 of the 20 national scientific data centers under the National Science and Technology Infrastructure framework — including the National Basic Science Data Center for cross-domain basic science data, the National Space Science Data Center, and the National Ecosystem Science Data Center. The infrastructure is certificated by the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Science and Technology.

For C-0039: CSTCloud is the third major non-U.S. coordinated scientific data infrastructure, alongside EOSC (E-0101) and EuroHPC (E-0102). All three operate at Tier 2 or above, with cross-institution coordination as a structural feature rather than an aspiration. U.S. institutions competing for global research collaboration, faculty recruitment, and joint-funding opportunities are evaluated on capabilities that CSTCloud, EOSC, and EuroHPC offer by default and that fragmented U.S. institutional infrastructure offers only in well-funded disciplinary pockets (the same pockets developed in C-0004).